Not only in adults, children can also get heart disease. Parents need to be aware of heart disease in children. Heart disease is one of the most dangerous non-communicable diseases. This disease is also the leading cause of death worldwide.
Currently, about 17 million deaths per year are caused by untreated heart disease. This figure represents 31 percent of all deaths in the world. In fact, by 2030, it is predicted that as many as 23 million people per year will die from heart disease.
The World Health Organization (WHO) in 2016 also noted that 35 percent of the 1,863,000 deaths that occurred in Indonesia were caused by heart disease.
Doctor and Professor at the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Sukman Tulus Putra, said that basically, heart disease does occur in adulthood. However, the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis causes this cardiovascular disease to occur at an early age. Especially in childhood and adolescence.
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Although there has not been a comprehensive epidemiological study, several studies have shown that the risk factors for heart disease in school children are quite high. Risk factors found in an individual will cause vascular endothelial dysfunction resulting in decreased NO production.
In addition, risk factors can also cause an increase in endothelial inflammatory response and intimal hyperplasia which will eventually form atherosclerotic lesions and cause coronary heart disease. "This process occurs slowly but surely in decades of life," said Sukmana in a written statement, Monday (11/7).
Risk Factors for Heart Disease in Children
Sukmana said the risk factors for cardiovascular or heart disease in children were grouped into three. It is important to identify and intervene against these risk factors. Here are three factors that can cause heart disease in children.
1. Modifiable risk factors
Modifiable/changeable risk factors are referred to as traditional risk factors. These include hyperlipidemia, obesity, inactivity/sedentary, diabetes mellitus, smoking, and hypertension.
2. Intrinsic risk factors
Intrinsic risk factors include genetic, environmental, and susceptibility.
3. Emerging risk factors
It is associated with systemic inflammation/infection, cytokines, CRP, and homocysteine. Children's Diseases are Increasingly Complex, Pay Attention to Symptoms Before Going to the Doctor
How to Prevent Heart Disease in Children
Although heart disease can be experienced by children, prevention can still be done. There are three main focuses to prevent risk factors for heart disease in children and adolescents. Here are some of them.
1. Nutrition
Fulfillment of child nutrition must be done since infancy. One of them is exclusive breastfeeding since the baby is born until the age of 6 months.
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Exclusive breastfeeding, said Sukmana, was able to provide a thinner thickness of the tunica intima media of the carotid arteries. This thickness is different when compared to adolescents who consume formula milk or have less breast milk intake since the age of 4 months.
2. Move a lot
Children who are less active or lead a sedentary lifestyle are at risk of developing heart disease.
3. Exposure to tobacco
Excessive exposure to tobacco has been shown to increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. In particular, coronary heart disease is currently the highest leading cause of death in Indonesia. Avoid exposure to tobacco to prevent heart disease in children. Well ProgoHealth Lovers love your child and prevent your child from this disease.
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